CARNATACA LANGUAGE 169 at the man that left this the day before yesterday, arrived at conjeceram yesterday, sets out thence to-day, and will arrive here to-morrow. By the assistance of the substantive verb nga be, which is added to the present and past gerunds of all verbs as an auxiliary, a compound preterit, a pluperfect, and a compound future may be formed; thus Uw wars wu os, యిదా ని he is doing; ఆవ సుమాడియిద్దాని he has done ; అవ సుమాడు రాయిద్దను he was doing; అవ సుపూడియిద్దను he had done; అవసు awow cauda no he will be doing; en avon www bho he will have done, &c. The negative nood has only one tense, which is an aorist, and according to the context, expresses the present, past, or future; thus బి యను he does not write this paper noru ; నిస్నియీసంగ రియస్నునాన oan I did not know this circumstance yesterday ; J ava ao cosyo TO Juawavo saw I will not act to-morrow in the manner mentioned by him. The imperative mood does not require any further explanation, than what had been already given in the chapter upon verbs. In using the second person singular of this mood in the common dialect, if the person addressed be an inferior, the particles w or I are added to the verb, to denote the sex ; as wat we 35trfontoavowrys O! Visinumitra, do this business ; 2 3oBox Bergw 38 0! female, come here. The negative of the imperative mood is formed by the addition of the defective verb 1357 to an infinitive; 18 నీ న్యా దచ్యడ read not thou; నీవు మారాడ చండ speak not ye. GERUNDS. The gerunds are used when any minor action or actions of the person who performs the main action are expressed, and they are always placed first in the Digitized by Google
